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Although the ancient oral literature of Zhejiang appeared
much earlier than the Chinese characters, the development of the written literature
lagged behind the central China region. However, it grew into one of the most
vigorous branches of the nation's literature. After the Six Dynasties in history,
the literature of Zhejiang gradually became prosperous. With the eastward movement
of Jin Dynasty, some nobles moved to the east part of Zhejiang and the central
China region's culture influenced the Zhejiang literature. As a result, the Zhejiang
literature developed greatly. Xie Lingyun started the Chinese ancient landscape
poetry style which had great impact on Chinese poems. In Sui, Tang and Northern
Song Dynasty, there were a lot of Zhejiang native poets like Luo Binwang, He Zhizhang,
Meng Jiao, Luo Yin and Zhou Bangyan. Lots of eminent poets like Bai Juyi, Yuan
Chen, Du Mu, Fan Zhongyan, Wang Anshi and Shu Shi took their official occupations
in Zhejiang successively whose literary talent and grace have been praised by
the people of all times.
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In Southern Song Dynasty, Zhejiang literature presented a splendid sight. Lu You
was a polygraph whose works were pure and colorful and enjoyed a high reputation
in Chinese literature history. The female duo, Li Qingzhao and Zhu Shuzhen was
very famous in Song dynasty. There were lots of Zhejaing native Ci (classical
poetry conforming to a definite pattern) poets like Chen Liang, Wu Wenying, Wang
Yisun, Zhou Mi and Zhang Yan in Southern Song Dynasty. The ancient vernacular
Chinese novels and drama literature also originated in Zhejiang during this period.
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In Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Zhejiang literature had been flourishing continuously
and presented such giants like Zhao Mengfu and Yang Weizhen. Hangzhou became the
center of Za-Ju (a kind of Chinese drama form) in its later stage. In late Ming
Dynasty, the essays of Zhang Dai, poems and articles of Xu Wei and Yuan Mei and
the Western Zhejiang Ci School represented by Zhu Yizun and Li Hu formed a strong
force in Chinese literature. In early Qing Dynasty, Hong Sheng wrote a classic
play The Palace of the Eternal Life. Gong Zizhen and Wang Guowei were two great
masters in late Qing Dynasty.
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In modern times, Zhejiang literature made great contributions to the development
of the Chinese literature. In May 1918, Lu Xun released his novel The Bedlamite's
Diary on the magazine New Youth that made the first try to the modern Chinese
novels. And his collections Whoop and Hesitation are very important vernacular
Chinese novel collections. Moreover, Lu Xun was also the exploiter of the modern
Chinese scribbles. Mao Dun was the go-better of the Literature Observation Association.
Yu Dafu was the representative of Creation Association whose collection Sinking
was the first vernacular short story collection. In 1922, the Riverside Poetry
Association was established in Hangzhou. In the period, a lot of writers like
Xu Zhimo, Dai Wangzhu, Xia Yan, Shi Zhecun and Ai Qing also made great influence
to the Chinese literature.
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After liberation, Zhejiang Literature stepped into a new era. In early 1950s,
such writers as Xu Qinwen, Chen Xuezhao and Ji Fang made many achievements. The
literature fell into depression in the Culture Revolution years. Thanks to the
Open and Reform Policy, the literature had a chance to recover. The novelettes
of 1980s and river novels of 1990s caused great social influences, such as Zhang
Tingzhu's novel The Fifty-forth Neighborhood, Ye Wenling's Dreamless Valley, Wang
Xufeng's Tea Culture Trilogy, i.e., The Southern Woods, Marquis without Nights
and Build the City with Grass. During this period, Zhejiang literature has made
lots of achievements in poem, prose, scribble, literature theory and children's
readings. In 2002, China Writers' Association awarded the fifth national excellent
children's reading award to the allegory collection Gastrologist's Hunting written
by Sun Jianjiang with the pen name Yuyu.
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Zhejiang literature is an important part of the refulgent Chinese literature. |
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| Ancient
Zhejiang Literature | Zhejiang
Literature in Modern Times | Zhejiang
Literature In Contemporary Era | | |
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